Successful transplantation of body organs with the advance of technologies and the available immunosuppressant drugs has encouraged non related persons to be organ donors. Transplantation is accepted by WHO as the standard treatment for end-stage renal disease. Medical tourism has become a growing industry in a number of developing countries and in India it is supported by the government. It includes surrogacy tourism and transplantation tourism. The combination of successful transplantation surgeries and medical tourism coupled with lax ethical practices has led to booming, lucrative black market organ transplantation in developing countries to meet the demands of the developed countries. The scarcity of organs, the rising demand for transplantation surgeries, the exorbitant costs of such surgeries, inability of local governments to bridge the organ gap, the easy availability of organs in developing countries at affordable costs, skilled English speaking medical professionals, high tech equipments, excellent infrastructure of hospitals and other tourist attractions of the country have contributed to a lucrative black market organ transplantation. This session will explore the world wide demand for organ transplantation, laws about organ donation, possible ways of reducing the organ gap and the ethical issues in black market organ transplantation namely, exploitation and coercion; best interest of patients and best interest of donors; resource allocation; organs as commodities; compensation and inducement; equity of organ transfer and deceit involved in black market organ transplantation.